Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving01:20

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving

1.9K
Individual molecules in a gas move in random directions, but a gas containing numerous molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds, which is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, f(v).
This distribution function f(v) is defined by saying that the expected number N (v1,v2) of particles with speeds between v1 and v2 is given by
1.9K
Nuclear Transmutation03:20

Nuclear Transmutation

19.6K
Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
19.6K
Nuclear Binding Energy02:13

Nuclear Binding Energy

13.8K
The difference between the calculated and experimentally measured masses is known as the mass defect of the atom. In the case of helium-4, the mass defect indicates a “loss” in mass of 4.0331 amu – 4.0026 amu = 0.0305 amu. The loss in mass accompanying the formation of an atom from protons, neutrons, and electrons is due to the conversion of that mass into energy that is evolved as the atom forms. The nuclear binding energy is the energy produced when the atoms’ nucleons are bound...
13.8K
Radiation Pressure: Problem Solving01:09

Radiation Pressure: Problem Solving

529
The radiation pressure applied by an electromagnetic wave on a perfectly absorbing surface equals the energy density of the wave. The wave's momentum also gets transferred to the surface when an electromagnetic wave is entirely absorbed by it. The rate at which momentum is transmitted to an absorbing surface perpendicular to the propagation direction equals the force on the surface.
The average value of the rate of momentum transfer divided by the absorbing area represents the average force...
529
Nuclear Power02:36

Nuclear Power

8.6K
Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...
8.6K
Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE)01:07

Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE)

1.0K
Irradiation of a spin-active nucleus causes an increase or decrease in the signal intensity of neighboring nuclei that are not necessarily chemically bonded or involved in J-coupling.  This phenomenon, called the Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE), results from through-space interactions between the nuclear spins. The NOE effect decreases with increasing internuclear distance and is generally not observed beyond 4 angstroms. In NOE, dipole-dipole interactions between neighboring...
1.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Management of subluxed and dislocated intraocular lenses in patients with uveitis: a practical approach.

Ocular immunology and inflammation·2020
Same author

Simulation of a collimator and sapphire filter for PGAA facility of the Moroccan TRIGA MARK II research reactor.

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine·2019
Same author

Electronic retinal implants and artificial vision: journey and present.

Eye (London, England)·2017
Same author

Vitrectomy for primary symptomatic vitreous opacities: an evidence-based review.

Eye (London, England)·2016
Same author

Expression and cellular function of vSNARE proteins in brain astrocytes.

Neuroscience·2015
Same author

The cooking task: making a meal of executive functions.

Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience·2015
Same journal

High-accuracy prediction of Kβ/Kα intensity ratios via explainable stacked-ensemble learning: A web-based computational tool.

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine·2026
Same journal

Comparative evaluation of <sup>67</sup>Ga production via the <sup>67</sup>Zn and <sup>68</sup>Zn routes on proton cyclotrons: Yield, radionuclidic purity, and cooling-time behavior.

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine·2026
Same journal

Effect of BaO-TiO<sub>2</sub> compositional variation on radiation shielding properties of borate-based glasses: A computational and simulation study.

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine·2026
Same journal

Habitat heterogeneity analysis of planning CT improves the prediction of radiation proctitis in cervical cancer: A multimodal machine learning study.

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine·2026
Same journal

Molecular plating for targetry: proof of concept using <sup>nat</sup>Gd(p,x)<sup>155</sup>Tb cross section measurements.

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine·2026
Same journal

Investigation of proton spallation effect on Electron Emission Coefficient electrodes coated with metamaterial.

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 4, 2025

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

8.7K

Neutron guide optimization for the Moroccan PGAA system.

L El Amri1, A Chetaine1, H Amsil2

  • 1Nuclear Reactor Energy and Physics, Nuclear Security and Environment Team (PRESN), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta, B.P. 1014, Rabat, Morocco.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine
|May 31, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A curved neutron guide is optimal for Morocco

Keywords:
BenderGuideNeutronPGAAReflectionSimulationSupermirror

More Related Videos

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor
10:24

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Published on: May 7, 2021

2.5K
Measurements of Soil Carbon by Neutron-Gamma Analysis in Static and Scanning Modes
07:51

Measurements of Soil Carbon by Neutron-Gamma Analysis in Static and Scanning Modes

Published on: August 24, 2017

7.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 4, 2025

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

8.7K
Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor
10:24

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Published on: May 7, 2021

2.5K
Measurements of Soil Carbon by Neutron-Gamma Analysis in Static and Scanning Modes
07:51

Measurements of Soil Carbon by Neutron-Gamma Analysis in Static and Scanning Modes

Published on: August 24, 2017

7.5K

Area of Science:

  • Nuclear physics and engineering
  • Materials science
  • Analytical chemistry

Background:

  • Morocco's TRIGA Mark II research reactor will feature a Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA) facility.
  • PGAA supports socioeconomic development in environment, agriculture, health, industry, and cultural heritage.
  • Optimal PGAA performance requires high thermal-to-fast neutron flux ratios and focused beams.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Determine the most suitable neutron guide for the PGAA facility.
  • Optimize neutron guide performance considering space and analysis requirements.
  • Evaluate straight, curved, and bender neutron guide designs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized McStas simulation code for neutron guide parameterization.
  • Simulated three neutron guide types: straight, curved, and bender.
  • Defined optimal neutron guide length at 6m with specific coating values (m=5 for bender/straight, m=6 for curved).

Main Results:

  • Simulations identified optimal neutron guide specifications.
  • Curved neutron guides demonstrated superior thermal/epithermal and thermal/fast neutron flux ratios.
  • Specific coating values (m) were determined for each guide type.

Conclusions:

  • Curved neutron guides are recommended for the PGAA facility at the Moroccan TRIGA Mark II reactor.
  • Optimized neutron guide design enhances PGAA capabilities for diverse applications.
  • The study provides crucial data for advancing nuclear analysis in Morocco.