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Modelling performance with exponential functions in elite short-track speed skaters.

Fabio Borrani1, Robert Solsona2, Robin Candau3

  • 1Institute of Sport Sciences of University of Lausanne (ISSUL), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Journal of Sports Sciences
|June 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new exponential model (Exp-Model) better predicts performance in elite short-track speed skaters than impulse models. This model reveals faster training adaptations in female athletes compared to males.

Keywords:
Mathematical modellingadaptation to trainingolympic athletesrecoverytraining load

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomathematics
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Mathematical models are crucial for understanding training's impact on athletic performance.
  • Traditional models often use impulse-type transfer functions.
  • Cellular adaptations to exercise may follow exponential kinetics, influencing performance over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate an exponential model (Exp-Model) for predicting performance in elite short-track speed (ST) skaters.
  • To compare the predictive accuracy of Exp-Model against a variable dose-response model (Imp-Model).

Main Methods:

  • Collected training load and performance data from 15 elite ST skaters over 3 months.
  • Applied Exp-Model to analyze the relationship between training loads and performance.
  • Compared Exp-Model results with previously obtained Imp-Model data.

Main Results:

  • Exp-Model demonstrated a higher correlation (R² = 0.83 ± 0.08) between actual and modeled performances compared to Imp-Model (R² = 0.76 ± 0.07).
  • A significantly higher time constant for growth (τ) was observed in males (p = 0.0047) than females using Exp-Model.
  • This suggests females exhibit faster adaptive responses to training loads.

Conclusions:

  • The Exp-Model provides a more accurate description of training adaptations in elite ST athletes.
  • The findings indicate potential sex-based differences in the kinetics of training adaptation.