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Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Low-cost Ionic Liquids
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Optimization of OPEFB lignocellulose transformation process through ionic liquid [TEA][HSO4] based pretreatment.

Muhammad Nurdin1, Haznan Abimanyu2, Hadijah Putriani3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, 93231, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. mnurdin06@yahoo.com.

Scientific Reports
|June 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Ionic liquid triethylammonium hydrogen sulphate effectively transforms Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches into cellulose. This ionic liquid shows promise for renewable energy applications due to successful synthesis and recovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Green Chemistry
  • Biomass Conversion
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) represent a significant lignocellulosic waste stream.
  • Efficient conversion of OPEFB into valuable products like cellulose is crucial for sustainable resource utilization.
  • Ionic liquids offer a promising medium for biomass pretreatment and fractionation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize ionic liquid triethylammonium hydrogen sulphate ([TEA][HSO4]).
  • To optimize the pretreatment process of OPEFB using [TEA][HSO4] for enhanced cellulose production.
  • To evaluate the recovery and reusability of [TEA][HSO4] for sustainable application.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of [TEA][HSO4] via a one-spot method.
  • Characterization of the synthesized ionic liquid using FTIR, H-NMR, and TGA.
  • Optimization of IL composition (85 wt%) and pretreatment temperature (120°C).
  • Evaluation of IL recovery performance at 80-100°C.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of [TEA][HSO4] confirmed by spectroscopic and thermal analysis (m.p. 49°C, decomp. temp. 274.3°C).
  • Optimal pretreatment conditions yielded 45.84 wt% cellulose from OPEFB.
  • [TEA][HSO4] recovery increased cellulose content to 29.13 wt% and decreased lignin to 32.57%.

Conclusions:

  • Ionic liquid [TEA][HSO4] is effectively synthesized and demonstrates significant potential for OPEFB transformation.
  • Optimized pretreatment and successful IL recovery highlight the economic and environmental viability of this method.
  • This research supports the application of [TEA][HSO4] in the renewable energy sector through efficient biomass valorization.