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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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Formation of Muscle Fibers from Myoblasts01:13

Formation of Muscle Fibers from Myoblasts

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De novo myogenesis, or the formation of muscle fibers, begins during the early embryonic stages. The skeletal muscle is formed from somites– blocks of embryonic cell layers. The somites are further divided into dermatomes, myotomes, sclerotomes, and syndetomes. Among these, the myotomes give rise to muscle fibers.
Muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) are formed from the myotomes. MPCs express genes that encode the transcription factors Pax3 and Pax7. Along with Pax 3/7, other transcription...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge
09:53

In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge

Published on: June 15, 2018

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miRNA in cardiac development and regeneration.

Zhaohui Ouyang1, Ke Wei2

  • 1Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P.R. China.

Cell Regeneration (London, England)
|June 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of heart cell proliferation and cardiac regeneration. This review explores their therapeutic potential for treating heart disease, despite delivery challenges.

Keywords:
cardiomyocytedevelopmentheartmicroRNAproliferationregeneration

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of death globally.
  • Adult cardiomyocytes have limited regenerative capacity after myocardial infarction.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and are crucial for cardiac development and cardiomyocyte proliferation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in miRNA research for cardiac regeneration.
  • To examine the mechanisms by which miRNAs control cardiomyocyte proliferation.
  • To discuss the therapeutic potential of miRNAs in cardiac regeneration therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on miRNAs in cardiac development and regeneration.
  • Analysis of miRNA mechanisms regulating cardiomyocyte proliferation.
  • Discussion of therapeutic strategies and challenges.

Main Results:

  • Specific miRNAs, like miR-1 and miR-199-3p, are involved in cardiomyocyte maturation and proliferation.
  • miRNAs can induce cardiomyocyte proliferation and improve heart function post-myocardial infarction in preclinical models.
  • The Hippo-Yap signaling pathway is a common target for pro-proliferation miRNAs.

Conclusions:

  • miRNAs hold significant promise as therapeutic targets for cardiac regeneration.
  • Overcoming delivery challenges and potential adverse effects like uncontrolled proliferation is crucial for clinical translation.
  • miRNAs offer a novel strategy for developing new treatments for heart disease.