Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
07:25

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer

Published on: March 6, 2018

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Beyond the Androgen Receptor: The Sequence, the Mutants, and New Avengers in the Treatment of Castrate-Resistant

Daniel Westaby1, Paul V Viscuse2, Rahul Ravilla3

  • 1The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting
|June 1, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) requires new treatments as resistance develops. This review explores current and emerging therapies targeting diverse mCRPC mechanisms for improved survival.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Urology
  • Cancer Therapeutics

Background:

  • Androgen deprivation therapy is standard for metastatic prostate cancer, but resistance inevitably develops.
  • Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is a heterogeneous disease with diverse progression drivers and therapeutic resistance mechanisms.
  • Improved survival and durable responses in mCRPC necessitate novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging treatment strategies for mCRPC.
  • To categorize novel therapies based on their mechanisms of action.
  • To guide optimal sequencing of treatments based on clinical presentation and patient status.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing and novel therapeutic approaches for mCRPC.
  • Categorization of treatments by clinical presentation and patient burden of disease.
  • Exploration of emerging therapeutic targets and mechanisms, including androgen-independent pathways.

Main Results:

  • Current mCRPC treatments are reviewed, considering clinical context for optimizing therapy sequencing.
  • Androgen-indifferent prostate cancer subtypes, including double-negative and aggressive variants, are discussed.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies targeting DNA repair, immune checkpoints, signaling pathways, PSMA, T-cell engagers, and radionuclide therapy are summarized.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing treatment sequencing for mCRPC based on clinical presentation can maximize exposure to life-prolonging therapies.
  • Understanding androgen-indifferent prostate cancer is crucial for developing effective treatments.
  • A mechanistic framework for novel mCRPC therapies offers promise for improved patient outcomes.

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