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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
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A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder01:30

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Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...
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Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Modeling in Therapy01:26

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
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ADHD prevalence in the psychiatric population.

Sina Gerhand1,2, Christopher W N Saville1

  • 1North Wales Clinical Psychology Programme, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.

International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice
|June 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is significantly underdiagnosed in adult psychiatric patients, with prevalence rates much higher than in the general population. Further research is needed to improve recognition and treatment.

Keywords:
ADHDattention deficit hyperactivity disordercomorbidityhyperkinetic disorderprevalencepsychiatric disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder.
  • Adult psychiatric populations represent a key demographic for understanding ADHD prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the prevalence of ADHD in adult psychiatric populations.
  • To compare ADHD prevalence in psychiatric patients to the general adult population.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review was conducted.
  • Searches were performed across three databases using keywords for ADHD and psychiatric disorders.
  • Fifteen studies published before May 2020 were included.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence rates of ADHD in adult psychiatric populations ranged from 6.9% to 38.75%.
  • Significant heterogeneity was observed in ADHD assessment methods, sampling, and comorbidity inclusion.
  • ADHD was found to be considerably underdiagnosed in this population, with gender ratios varying.

Conclusions:

  • ADHD prevalence in psychiatric patients is substantially higher than the 2.8% in the general adult population.
  • Clinicians should consider ADHD in psychiatric patients for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
  • Further research on ADHD screening instruments is recommended to improve recognition and treatment in psychiatric settings.