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Immunotherapy and Gene Therapy for Oncoviruses Infections: A Review

Nathália Alves Araújo de Almeida1, Camilla Rodrigues de Almeida Ribeiro1, Jéssica Vasques Raposo1

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Viruses
|June 2, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Immunotherapy and gene therapy offer promising alternatives for treating virus-associated cancers. This review explores advanced techniques like CRISPR and immune checkpoint inhibitors for oncovirus-driven malignancies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Gene Therapy

Background:

  • Oncoviruses are a significant cause of various human cancers.
  • Traditional cancer treatments may have limitations for virus-associated malignancies.
  • Immunotherapy and gene therapy present novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in immunotherapy and gene therapy for oncovirus-related cancers.
  • To highlight specific therapeutic approaches and targeted viruses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on immunotherapy and gene therapy.
  • Focus on oncolytic immunotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors.
  • Exploration of gene editing tools like CRISPR and TALENs, and other gene-based therapies.

Main Results:

  • Immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, shows efficacy in certain virus-driven cancers.
  • Gene therapy approaches such as gene replacement and RNA interference offer potential.
  • Gene editing technologies like CRISPR and TALENs provide precise therapeutic interventions.
  • Specific viral targets include Epstein-Barr virus, HPV, HBV, and others.

Conclusions:

  • Immunotherapy and gene therapy are powerful tools against oncovirus-induced cancers.
  • A range of innovative techniques are being developed for targeted cancer treatment.
  • Further research is warranted to optimize these therapies for clinical application.
Keywords:
gene therapy and oncovirusimmunotherapy

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