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Selectins01:25

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Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain,...
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In multicellular organisms, many molecules transmit signals between cells to pass information. These signals vary in complexity and include small peptides, nucleotides, steroids, fatty acid derivatives, and dissolved gases such as nitric oxide. Some signaling molecules diffuse through the plasma membrane to act locally between neighboring cells or travel long distances. Others remain attached to the cell surface, transmitting information to other cells only when they make contact. In some...
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Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
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Proteins are dynamic macromolecules that carry out a wide variety of essential processes; however, the activities of most proteins depend on their interactions with other molecules or ions, known as ligands.
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When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Single Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy on Planar Supported Bilayers
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Siglec Ligands.

Anabel Gonzalez-Gil1, Ronald L Schnaar1,2

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

Cells
|June 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) interact with cell surface glycans to regulate immune cell function. Understanding these Siglec ligands offers new therapeutic strategies for various diseases.

Keywords:
B cellsNK cellseosinophilsimmune checkpointmacrophagesmast cellsmicrogliamonocytesmyelin associated glycoproteinneutrophilssialic acid

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Bioinformatics Resources for the Study of Glycan-Mediated Protein Interactions
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Area of Science:

  • Glycobiology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Cell surfaces are decorated with diverse glycans, including sialic acid-containing structures in vertebrates.
  • Glycans interact with glycan-binding proteins (lectins) to control cell physiology.
  • Siglecs (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins) are key lectins expressed on immune cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the emerging science of Siglec ligands.
  • To understand the role of Siglec-glycan interactions in regulating cell physiology.
  • To identify new therapeutic targets based on Siglec ligand interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on Siglec ligands.
  • Analysis of endogenous sialoglycoproteins and glycolipids as Siglec ligands.
  • Investigation of synthetic sialomimetics as potential Siglec modulators.

Main Results:

  • Siglecs bind distinct endogenous sialylated glycans, initiating signaling pathways.
  • These interactions regulate diverse immune cell functions.
  • Synthetic sialomimetics show potential as therapeutic agents.

Conclusions:

  • Siglec-ligand interactions are crucial for controlling cell signaling and immune responses.
  • Further research into Siglec ligands can unveil novel molecular pathways.
  • This knowledge opens avenues for developing new therapies targeting Siglec pathways.