Gut Organoid as a New Platform to Study Alginate and Chitosan Mediated PLGA Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery

Intestinal organoids can be used as an ex vivo epithelial model to study different drug delivery effects on epithelial cells' luminal surface. In this study, the impact of surface charge on the delivery of 5-ASA loaded PLGA nanoparticles into the lumen of organoids was investigated. Alginate and chitosan were used to coat the nanoparticles and provide negative and positive charges on the particles, respectively. The organoid growth and viability were not affected by the presence of either alginate- or chitosan-coated nanoparticles. It was shown that nanoparticles could be transported from the serosal side of the organoids to the lumen as the dye gradually accumulated in the lumen by day 2-3 after adding the nanoparticles to the Matrigel. By day 5, the dye was eliminated from the lumen of the organoids. It was concluded that the positively charged nanoparticles were more readily transported across the epithelium into the lumen. It may be attributed to the affinity of epithelial cells to the positive charge. Thus, the organoid can be utilized as an appropriate model to mimic the functions of the intestinal epithelium and can be used as a model to evaluate the benefits of nanoparticle-based drug delivery.