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High-Order Multimode Waveguide Interferometer for Optical Biosensing Applications.

Yuri Hayashi Isayama1, Hugo Enrique Hernández-Figueroa1

  • 1School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (FEEC), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13089-970, SP, Brazil.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
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Summary

We present a generalized multimode interference sensor design. This novel sensor achieves unprecedented sensitivity for refractive index sensing, overcoming previous limitations in mode excitation and signal interpretation.

Keywords:
integrated opticslabel-free detectionmultimode interference sensorsoptical biosensorsoptical waveguide devices

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Optical Sensing
  • Waveguide Technology

Background:

  • Existing bimodal and trimodal sensors are specific instances of multimode interference sensors.
  • Understanding multimode waveguide properties is crucial for enhancing sensor sensitivity.
  • Challenges include high-order mode excitation and output signal interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generalize the concept of multimode interference sensors.
  • To develop new design criteria for more sensitive sensors.
  • To address challenges in mode excitation and signal interpretation for high-order modes.

Main Methods:

  • Generalized multimode interference sensor concept.
  • Novel structure for controlled excitation of fundamental and high-order modes.
  • New strategy for detecting and interpreting output signals.
  • Numerical simulations for performance evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Established new design criteria for enhanced sensitivity.
  • Developed a structure for precise control over mode power distribution.
  • Implemented a new signal detection and interpretation strategy.
  • Achieved a theoretical limit of detection of 1.9×10-7 RIU.

Conclusions:

  • The generalized multimode interference sensor represents a significant advancement.
  • The developed sensor is the most sensitive reported to date.
  • This work provides a foundation for future high-performance optical sensors.