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Generalized Structure Functions and Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis Applied to Vegetation Index Time

Ernesto Sanz1,2, Antonio Saa-Requejo1,3, Carlos H Díaz-Ambrona1,4

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Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
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Degraded rangelands worldwide can be better managed using fractal analysis of vegetation indices. This study reveals complex scaling behaviors in NDVI data, offering insights for improved land use and risk management in arid regions.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Remote Sensing
  • Geospatial Analysis

Background:

  • Over 70% of global rangelands face degradation, impacting ecosystems and agriculture.
  • The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is crucial for monitoring vegetation health and sustainable rangeland management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the scaling characteristics of NDVI and NDVI anomaly (NDVIa) time series using fractal analysis.
  • To understand the influence of land use and spatial diversity on vegetation dynamics in arid rangelands.

Main Methods:

  • Application of three fractal analyses: generalized structure function (GSF), multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA), and Hurst index (HI).
  • Analysis conducted across four distinct study areas in Southeastern Spain with varying land uses.

Main Results:

  • Vegetation dynamics in the study areas exhibit a multifractal character, influenced by land use and spatial heterogeneity.
  • MF-DFA indicated antipersistent behavior, while GSF and HI suggested persistent behavior, revealing complex temporal dependencies.
  • Distinct scaling behaviors were observed between herbaceous and tree-dominated areas, highlighting the role of vegetation type.

Conclusions:

  • Long-range correlations, including seasonality and longer-term memory, are significant drivers of vegetation dynamics in arid rangelands.
  • Fractal analysis provides a differentiating profile for study areas, aiding in improved land use and risk management strategies.
  • The findings support the use of NDVI and fractal methods for enhanced rangeland monitoring and conservation efforts.