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Updated: Nov 3, 2025

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Damage Inside Borosilicate Glass by a Single Picosecond Laser Pulse.

Weibo Cheng1, Jan-Willem Pieterse2, Rongguang Liang1

  • 1Wyant College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, 1630 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.

Micromachines
|June 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Investigating laser-induced bulk damage in borosilicate glass, this study reveals electron cloud formation. It quanties electron generation via multiphoton and avalanche ionization, crucial for understanding laser-matter interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Optics and Photonics
  • Laser Physics

Background:

  • Understanding laser-induced material modifications is crucial for advanced manufacturing and optical applications.
  • Borosilicate glass is a widely used material in optics and industry, necessitating research into its laser interaction mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally and numerically investigate the damage mechanisms within bulk borosilicate glass induced by a single infrared picosecond laser pulse.
  • To determine the electron cloud density and characterize the ionization processes responsible for damage generation.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental generation of bulk damage in borosilicate glass using a single IR picosecond laser pulse.
  • Numerical simulation to investigate electron generation via multiphoton ionization and avalanche ionization.
Keywords:
laser-matter interactionplasma dynamicsultrashort pulse laser processing

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  • Fitting experimental data to determine ionization rates and analyzing the relative contributions of each ionization channel.

    • Main Results:

    • Bulk damage sites in borosilicate glass were experimentally generated with an aspect ratio of approximately 1:10.
    • The observed damage morphology corresponds to an electron cloud with a density of about 10^20 cm^-3.
    • Numerical analysis quantified the multiphoton and avalanche ionization rates, revealing their respective contributions to electron generation.

    Conclusions:

    • The study elucidates the mechanisms of electron generation in laser-induced bulk damage of borosilicate glass.
    • Both multiphoton and avalanche ionization play significant roles, with their contributions quantified.
    • The findings provide critical insights into laser-matter interactions in glass for precise material processing.