Current Knowledge on Functionality and Potential Therapeutic Uses of Donkey Milk

Area of Science:

• Nutritional Science
• Biochemistry
• Human Health

Background:

• Donkey milk composition closely resembles human milk.
• Growing research investigates donkey milk's health impacts.
• Cow milk protein allergy affects many infants, necessitating alternative nutrition.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review scientific evidence on donkey milk's beneficial health effects in humans.
• To assess donkey milk's potential as a nutritional alternative.
• To identify areas for future research.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of in vitro and in vivo studies.
• Analysis of donkey milk's biochemical composition.
• Examination of clinical trial data, primarily in infants.

Main Results:

• High tolerability in infants with cow milk protein allergy (82.6-98.5%).
• Lower casein content than cow milk, reducing allergenicity.
• Potential immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and microbiota-modulating effects observed.
• Lower calorie and fat content with a favorable fatty acid profile.

Conclusions:

• Donkey milk is a safe and potentially beneficial alternative for infants with cow milk protein allergy.
• Evidence suggests broader health benefits, including metabolic and anti-aging effects.
• More randomized clinical trials in humans are crucial to validate these findings and explore new applications.