Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

3.9K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
3.9K
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

6.0K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
6.0K
Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response01:15

Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

179
Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...
179
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

1.1K
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
1.1K
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

4.2K
The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
4.2K
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

5.3K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
5.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and major limb events in adults with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs and cohort studies.

Cardiovascular diabetology·2026
Same author

Late-onset hypogonadism and lower limb vascular complications in men with type 2 diabetes: an observational study in a tertiary care centre.

Journal of endocrinological investigation·2026
Same author

HbA1c variability as an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy: results from a screening program.

Acta diabetologica·2026
Same author

Evaluation of the safety profile of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: a focus on thyroid cancer-related adverse events by using the European pharmacovigilance database.

Pharmacological reports : PR·2026
Same author

Polygenic risk in early-onset coronary artery disease with low prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors.

Journal of cardiovascular medicine (Hagerstown, Md.)·2026
Same author

Angiogenic T cells and cognitive function in older adults with type 2 diabetes treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists.

Aging clinical and experimental research·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Through-the-Wall Blood Sampling Method to Minimize Sleep Disruption in Clinical Settings
06:39

Through-the-Wall Blood Sampling Method to Minimize Sleep Disruption in Clinical Settings

Published on: June 13, 2025

208

Chronothyroidology: Chronobiological Aspects in Thyroid Function and Diseases.

Giuseppe Bellastella1, Maria Ida Maiorino1, Lorenzo Scappaticcio1

  • 1Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Chronobiology, the study of biological rhythms, reveals that disruptions in internal clocks can lead to thyroid diseases. Thyroid dysfunction can also negatively impact these crucial biological rhythms.

Keywords:
biological rhythmschronobiologyrhythm disruptionthyroid diseases

More Related Videos

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
06:53

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

8.5K
In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells
11:56

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells

Published on: September 28, 2017

10.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Through-the-Wall Blood Sampling Method to Minimize Sleep Disruption in Clinical Settings
06:39

Through-the-Wall Blood Sampling Method to Minimize Sleep Disruption in Clinical Settings

Published on: June 13, 2025

208
Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
06:53

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

8.5K
In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells
11:56

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells

Published on: September 28, 2017

10.0K

Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Biological processes exhibit cyclical regulation by intrinsic biological clocks.
  • Pathological events often demonstrate a time-related occurrence, particularly circadian patterns.
  • The pituitary-thyroid axis is centrally regulated by a biological clock, exhibiting complex rhythmicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the relationship between chronobiology and thyroid function.
  • To explore the impact of circadian rhythm disruption on thyroid health.
  • To examine how thyroid dysfunction affects biological rhythms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies published until February 28, 2021.
  • Searches conducted in Scopus and PubMed databases.
  • Focus on reviews, meta-analyses, original, and observational studies.

Main Results:

  • The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) acts as the central clock, regulating physiological rhythms hierarchically.
  • Disruption of biological rhythms is linked to the development of various disorders, including thyroid diseases.
  • Thyroid dysfunction can disrupt the circadian rhythm of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH).
  • Alterations in the molecular clock machinery can promote thyroid dysfunction and cancer.

Conclusions:

  • A significant interrelationship exists between thyroid function and circadian rhythmicity.
  • Disruptions in biological timing can predispose individuals to thyroid disorders.
  • Thyroid dysfunctions can negatively impact the body's natural rhythms, affecting TSH regulation.