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Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Metabolic, Genetic, Epigenetic and Environmental Risk Factors
Oriol Juanola1, Sebastián Martínez-López2,3, Rubén Francés2,3,4
1Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Translational Research Laboratory, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland.
Summary
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver condition. Understanding its progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is key to managing complications like liver cirrhosis.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology
- Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders
Background:
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent cause of chronic liver disease globally, linked to rising obesity and metabolic syndrome.
- NAFLD can advance from simple hepatic steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), potentially leading to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the multifactorial mechanisms driving the progression of NAFLD to NASH.
- To provide an overview of NAFLD epidemiology and factors influencing its development and complications.
Main Methods:
- Review of current scientific literature on NAFLD pathogenesis.
- Synthesis of epidemiological data and etiological factors.
Main Results:
- NAFLD progression is multifactorial, involving insulin resistance, nutrition, gut microbiota, and genetic/epigenetic factors in susceptible individuals.
- Multiple factors contribute to the advancement from simple steatosis to NASH and subsequent cirrhosis.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the complex interplay of factors in NAFLD progression is essential for developing effective therapeutic strategies.
- Further research into the mechanisms of NAFLD-NASH transition is critical for preventing severe liver disease outcomes.
Keywords:
metabolic syndromenon-alcoholic fatty liver diseasenon-alcoholic steatohepatitisobesitytype 2 diabetes mellitusMore Related Videos
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