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Calibration-Free Single-Anchor Indoor Localization Using an ESPAR Antenna
Mateusz Groth1, Krzysztof Nyka1, Lukasz Kulas1
1Department of Microwave and Antenna Engineering, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
This study introduces a new, low-cost indoor localization system using an electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). The novel approach eliminates the need for calibration, offering improved positioning accuracy in real-world environments.
Area of Science:
- Robotics and Automation
- Wireless Communication and Networking
- Signal Processing
Background:
- Indoor localization systems often require complex calibration procedures.
- Existing single-anchor systems may lack accuracy or efficiency.
- Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) offers a viable protocol for low-power localization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel, low-cost, calibration-free indoor localization system.
- To leverage an electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna for enhanced localization.
- To utilize BLE for efficient and accessible indoor positioning.
Main Methods:
- A single-anchor architecture employing an ESPAR antenna and Nordic Semiconductor nRF52840 chip.
- Utilizing Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocol for signal transmission and reception.
- Developing a positioning algorithm based on received signal strength (RSS) and antenna radiation patterns, with calibration-free reference nodes.
Main Results:
- The proposed system achieves accurate indoor localization without requiring calibration or recalibration.
- Received signal strength (RSS) measurements from the ESPAR antenna are used for positioning.
- Performance surpasses previously reported single-anchor ESPAR systems using classical fingerprinting.
Conclusions:
- The developed system offers a practical and cost-effective solution for indoor localization.
- Calibration-free operation significantly reduces setup time and complexity.
- The ESPAR antenna and BLE integration provide a robust platform for precise indoor positioning.
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