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Ambient Particulate Matter Induces Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Changes via NOX1/ROS/NF-κB Dependent and

Chia-Chi Ho1, Yu-Cheng Chen1, Ming-Hsien Tsai1

  • 1National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 53053, Taiwan.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 2, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure promotes vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and inflammation. Certain polyphenols, like curcumin and resveratrol, block PM-induced VSMC migration and cytokine release by inhibiting the ROS-dependent NF-κB pathway.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Toxicology

Background:

  • Epidemiological studies link ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure to vascular diseases.
  • Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play a critical role in vascular health and disease.
  • PM exposure is suspected to induce phenotypic changes and inflammatory responses in VSMCs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of ambient PM on VSMC and pulmonary arterial SMC (PASMC) migration.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying PM-induced VSMC migration and inflammation.
  • To evaluate the protective effects of natural polyphenols against PM-induced cellular responses.

Main Methods:

  • Treatment of VSMCs and PASMCs with ambient PM.
  • Assessment of cell migration, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, NF-κB pathway activation, and proinflammatory cytokine expression.
  • Utilized specific inhibitors and tested natural polyphenols (curcumin, resveratrol, gallic acid, honokiol) for their inhibitory effects.

Main Results:

  • PM exposure increased VSMC and PASMC migration, suggesting a shift to a synthetic phenotype.
  • PM treatment elevated intracellular ROS, activated the NF-κB pathway, and increased proinflammatory cytokines in VSMCs.
  • PM-induced VSMC migration was mediated by the NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1)/ROS-dependent NF-κB pathway; curcumin, resveratrol, and gallic acid inhibited this migration and cytokine secretion.

Conclusions:

  • Ambient PM exposure promotes VSMC migration and inflammation via the ROS-dependent NF-κB signaling pathway.
  • Polyphenols like curcumin, resveratrol, and gallic acid can mitigate PM-induced VSMC migration and cytokine secretion.
  • These findings highlight potential therapeutic strategies using natural compounds to combat PM-related vascular damage.
Keywords:
NADPH oxidase 1NF-κBambient particulate matterinflammationmigrationoxidative stressvascular phenotypic changes

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