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The Spatial Overlap of Police Calls Reporting Street-Level and Behind-Closed-Doors Crime: A Bayesian Modeling
Miriam Marco1, Enrique Gracia1, Antonio López-Quílez2
1Department of Social Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Summary
Street-level crime and intimate-partner violence (IPVAW) show significant spatial overlap in police calls, suggesting shared underlying factors. Targeted interventions can be improved by considering this spatial distribution.
Area of Science:
- Criminology
- Spatial Analysis
- Public Health
Background:
- Intimate-partner violence (IPV) traditionally viewed as distinct from street crime.
- Limited research on the spatial relationship between IPV and street crime reporting.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the spatial overlap of police calls for street-level crime and intimate-partner violence against women (IPVAW).
- To identify shared spatial patterns and neighborhood characteristics influencing crime reporting.
Main Methods:
- Geocoded police call data for street crime (N=26,624) and IPVAW (N=11,673) in Valencia, Spain.
- Bayesian joint and hierarchical models to assess spatial overlap and relative risks.
- Analysis of 552 census-block groups, controlling for neighborhood factors.
Main Results:
- A high shared spatial component (66.5% for street crime, 91.1% for IPVAW) indicates significant overlap.
- A moderate correlation (0.53) between relative risks for both crime types.
- 73.6% of areas exhibited similar risk levels for both street crime and IPVAW.
Conclusions:
- Despite some spatial differences, a substantial shared distribution exists between street crime and IPVAW reporting.
- Understanding this spatial overlap is crucial for developing more effective, targeted police interventions.
- Spatial analysis can inform resource allocation for addressing both types of crime.
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