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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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Rodent Estrous Cycle Monitoring Utilizing Vaginal Lavage: No Such Thing As a Normal Cycle
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Whole Transcriptome Analysis: Implication to Estrous Cycle Regulation.

Xiaopeng An1, Yue Zhang1, Fu Li1

  • 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China.

Biology
|June 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of goat ovaries during estrus and diestrus stages. It identifies key non-coding RNAs and messenger RNAs involved in regulating the estrous cycle, offering insights into reproductive health.

Keywords:
circular RNAestrous cyclelong non-coding RNAmessenger RNAmicroRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Endocrinology

Background:

  • The estrous cycle is crucial for female placental mammal reproduction and its disorders are linked to various diseases.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating the estrous cycle is essential for reproductive health.
  • Previous research has not comprehensively analyzed the whole transcriptome, including non-coding RNAs and messenger RNA (mRNA), in the context of the estrous cycle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a whole transcriptome analysis of goat ovaries during the estrus stage (ES) and diestrus stage (DS).
  • To identify differentially expressed non-coding RNAs (circular RNA, microRNA, long non-coding RNA) and mRNAs between ES and DS.
  • To construct regulatory networks and identify potential molecular pathways involved in estrous cycle regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Estrus synchronization was used to induce specific stages of the estrous cycle in goats.
  • RNA sequencing was performed on goat ovary tissues collected during estrus and diestrus stages.
  • Bioinformatic analyses were used to identify differentially expressed RNAs and construct regulatory networks (circRNA-miRNA-mRNA/lncRNA, lncRNA-miRNA/mRNA).

Main Results:

  • A comprehensive database of miRNA, circRNA, lncRNA, and mRNA from goat ovaries was established.
  • Significant differences in gene expression profiles were identified between the estrus and diestrus stages.
  • Key differentially expressed genes (e.g., MMP9, TIMP1, 3BHSD, PTGIS) and miRNAs (e.g., miR-21-3p, miR-202-3p, miR-223-3p) were identified.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides valuable transcriptomic data and regulatory network insights into the estrous cycle in goats.
  • The identified differentially expressed molecules and pathways offer potential targets for understanding and treating estrous cycle disorders and related reproductive diseases.
  • The generated databases serve as a crucial resource for future research in reproductive biology and endocrinology.