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Left and Right Myocardial Functionality Assessed by Two-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Cats with
Ryohei Suzuki1, Yunosuke Yuchi1, Haruka Kanno1
1Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan.
Insights
Restrictive cardiomyopathy in cats involves both left and right heart muscle dysfunction. Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) can detect these myocardial abnormalities, aiding diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Veterinary Medicine
- Echocardiography
Background:
- Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a severe cardiac condition in cats.
- The endomyocardial form (EMF-RCM) has a poor prognosis.
- Understanding myocardial dysfunction in both ventricles is crucial for EMF-RCM.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate layer-specific myocardial function in cats with EMF-RCM.
- To assess both left and right ventricular function using 2D-STE.
- To correlate myocardial deformation with disease pathophysiology.
Main Methods:
- Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) was used.
- Layer-specific myocardial function was assessed in left and right ventricles.
- 10 cats with EMF-RCM and 15 healthy cats were studied.
Main Results:
- Cats with EMF-RCM showed reduced left ventricular systolic and diastolic function.
- Significant differences in right ventricular systolic strain and strain ratio were observed in EMF-RCM cats.
- 2D-STE effectively identified myocardial dysfunction in both ventricles.
Conclusions:
- EMF-RCM affects both left and right ventricular myocardial function in cats.
- 2D-STE is a valuable tool for assessing comprehensive myocardial function in feline EMF-RCM.
- Findings contribute to understanding EMF-RCM pathophysiology and clinical status.
Abstract:
The endomyocardial form of restrictive cardiomyopathy (EMF-RCM), a primary disorder of the myocardium, is one of the diseases with poor prognosis in cats. We hypothesized that both the left and right myocardial functional abnormalities may occur in cats with EMF-RCM, causing this disease pathophysiology and clinical status. Out of the 25 animals included in this study, 10 were client-owned cats with EMF-RCM, and 15 were healthy cats. In this study, cats were assessed for layer-specific myocardial function (whole, endocardial, and epicardial) in the left ventricular longitudinal and circumferential directions, and right ventricular longitudinal direction, via two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE). Cats with EMF-RCM had depressed left ventricular myocardial deformations both in systole (whole longitudinal strain, epicardial longitudinal strain, and endocardial circumferential strain) and diastole (early and late diastolic longitudinal strain rates, and late diastolic circumferential strain rate) compared to controls. Furthermore, some right ventricular myocardial deformations (systolic longitudinal strain in epicardial layers, and endocardial-to-epicardial strain ratio) were significantly differerent in cats with EMF-RCM. Myocardial function assessed by 2D-STE could reveal left and right myocardial dysfunction.
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