Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers01:51

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

5.6K
Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
5.6K
Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity01:25

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity

1.6K
Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
1.6K
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

5.7K
Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
5.7K
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

7.1K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
7.1K
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

9.5K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
9.5K
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

13.4K
Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
13.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Timing of Endoscopic Biliary Drainage for Acute Cholangitis Associated with Common Bile Duct Stones in Elderly Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Advances and uncertainties in fat embolism syndrome: a review.

Trauma surgery & acute care open·2026
Same author

Pigmented dermal duct tumour (Winkelmann-McLeod type poroma) in a ring-tailed lemur (Lemurcatta).

Journal of comparative pathology·2026
Same author

Ldha Regulates Osteosarcoma Lung Metastasis through Hedgehog Signaling.

Cancer research communications·2026
Same author

Endothelial Glycocalyx, Mucin, and Glycan: A Hierarchical Synthesis From Molecular Building Blocks to Supramolecular Functional Barriers.

Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994)·2026
Same author

Letter: Disease Stage and Absolute Risk in Evaluating the Branched-Chain Amino Acid to Tyrosine Ratio in Cirrhosis. Authors' Reply.

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Chemical-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis Model Using Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene and 12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol-13-Acetate DMBA-TPA
04:12

Chemical-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis Model Using Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene and 12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol-13-Acetate DMBA-TPA

Published on: December 19, 2019

14.8K

Virus-Driven Carcinogenesis.

Yuichiro Hatano1, Takayasu Ideta2,3, Akihiro Hirata4

  • 1Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.

Cancers
|June 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This review explores how tumor viruses cause cancer through mechanisms like insertional mutagenesis and viral oncogenes, offering a framework for controlling malignant cell growth. It details known oncogenic viruses and emerging candidates involved in virus-driven carcinogenesis.

Keywords:
EBVHBVHCVHIV-1HPVHTLV-1KSHVMCVtumor virus

More Related Videos

Initiation of Metastatic Breast Carcinoma by Targeting of the Ductal Epithelium with Adenovirus-Cre: A Novel Transgenic Mouse Model of Breast Cancer
07:13

Initiation of Metastatic Breast Carcinoma by Targeting of the Ductal Epithelium with Adenovirus-Cre: A Novel Transgenic Mouse Model of Breast Cancer

Published on: March 26, 2014

23.6K
Intramucosal Inoculation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells in Mice for Tumor Immune Profiling and Treatment Response Assessment
07:29

Intramucosal Inoculation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells in Mice for Tumor Immune Profiling and Treatment Response Assessment

Published on: April 22, 2019

11.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Chemical-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis Model Using Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene and 12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol-13-Acetate DMBA-TPA
04:12

Chemical-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis Model Using Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene and 12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol-13-Acetate DMBA-TPA

Published on: December 19, 2019

14.8K
Initiation of Metastatic Breast Carcinoma by Targeting of the Ductal Epithelium with Adenovirus-Cre: A Novel Transgenic Mouse Model of Breast Cancer
07:13

Initiation of Metastatic Breast Carcinoma by Targeting of the Ductal Epithelium with Adenovirus-Cre: A Novel Transgenic Mouse Model of Breast Cancer

Published on: March 26, 2014

23.6K
Intramucosal Inoculation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells in Mice for Tumor Immune Profiling and Treatment Response Assessment
07:29

Intramucosal Inoculation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells in Mice for Tumor Immune Profiling and Treatment Response Assessment

Published on: April 22, 2019

11.8K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cancer develops from genetic and epigenetic changes, with carcinogens playing a key role.
  • While mutational signatures from DNA damage are studied, tumor viruses represent a distinct class of carcinogens.
  • Tumor viruses contribute to cancer through insertional mutagenesis, viral oncogenes, and immunosuppression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review virus-driven carcinogenesis and establish a framework for controlling malignant cell proliferation.
  • To provide an overview of oncogenic viruses and their association with various tumors.
  • To highlight known and emerging viral candidates implicated in cancer development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of oncogenic viruses and their mechanisms.
  • Summarization of established tumor viruses (HPV, HBV, HCV, EBV, KSHV, MCV, HTLV-1) and associated cancers.
  • Introduction of emerging viral candidates (CMV, HHV-6, AAV-2).

Main Results:

  • Identified specific tumor viruses and their roles in different cancers.
  • Described alternative carcinogenic mechanisms employed by viruses beyond DNA damage.
  • Highlighted emerging viral candidates with potential oncogenic activity.

Conclusions:

  • Virus-driven carcinogenesis is a significant factor in cancer development.
  • Understanding viral mechanisms is crucial for developing strategies to control virus-associated cancers.
  • This review serves as a central resource for data on virus-associated carcinogenesis.