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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

Published on: May 26, 2020

Connected Skiing: Motion Quality Quantification in Alpine Skiing.

Cory Snyder^1,2, Aaron Martínez^1,2, Rüdiger Jahnel¹

¹Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Salzburg, Schlossallee 49, 5400 Hallein/Rif, Austria.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|June 2, 2021

Summary

This study developed a wearable system using IMUs to quantify alpine ski motion quality. The system could distinguish expert from beginner skiers but needs more data for finer distinctions.

Keywords:

IMU carving principal component analysis scoring wearable

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Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Sports Technology
Human Movement Analysis

Background:

Wearable computing advancements enable smaller, cheaper motion quantification devices.
Existing wearable technologies primarily focus on quantifying motion, with fewer addressing motion quality.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a wearable system for quantifying motion quality in alpine skiing.
To assess the system's ability to differentiate skill levels based on motion characteristics.

Main Methods:

Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) were attached to the ski boots of 19 expert skiers performing various skiing styles.
IMU data underwent processing for turn segmentation, enrichment, and classification using established algorithms.
Principal Component (PC) analysis was applied to identify variability sources and score motion quality against reference data.

Main Results:

The developed algorithm successfully differentiated between expert and beginner skiers.
The system was unable to distinguish between expert skiers and ski instructors, or between ski instructors and beginners.
The motion quality scoring algorithm represents a novel approach but is constrained by input data accuracy.

Conclusions:

The wearable system shows potential for quantifying alpine ski motion quality.
Further refinement is needed to improve the algorithm's accuracy and differentiate more nuanced skill levels.
The study highlights the challenges and potential of using wearable sensors for objective biomechanical analysis in sports.