[Surgery of proctologic diseases in the polyclinic]

The incidence of proctological diseases is on a rising trend, and some of them require surgical treatment. Outpatient handling is indicated, following thorough diagnosis, and in common practice worldwide. The surgical specialist, in command of pain-killing methods, is in a position to apply surgical treatment on a outpatient basis. Careful attention has to be given, in this context, to the anal complex and anal sanitation. Perianal thrombosis, incarcerated prolapsed haemorrhoids, acute anal fissure, and, with some reservation, periproctic abscess are situations in which acute action is recommended, while elective interventions seem to be indicated for chronic anal fissure, cryptitis, few anal fistulae, and perianal changes of the skin, but with limitations on the haemorrhoidal problem.