Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

614
Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
614
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

272
Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
272

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Role of mechanoregulation in mast cell-mediated immune inflammation of the smooth muscle in the pathophysiology of esophageal motility disorders.

American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology·2024
Same author

In the memory of our following colleagues, and friends.

Neurogastroenterology and motility·2022
Same author

Evidence for the presence and release of BDNF in the neuronal and non-neuronal structures of the internal anal sphincter.

Neurogastroenterology and motility·2021
Same author

BDNF augments rat internal anal sphincter smooth muscle tone via RhoA/ROCK signaling and nonadrenergic noncholinergic relaxation via increased NO release.

American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology·2019
Same author

In vivo magnetofection: a novel approach for targeted topical delivery of nucleic acids for rectoanal motility disorders.

American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology·2017
Same author

Ca2+/calmodulin/MLCK pathway initiates, and RhoA/ROCK maintains, the internal anal sphincter smooth muscle tone.

American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology·2016

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
07:41

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Published on: April 17, 2019

10.1K

BDNF rescues aging-associated internal anal sphincter dysfunction.

Arjun Singh1, Satish Rattan1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
|June 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) can reverse aging-associated internal anal sphincter (IAS) dysfunction, restoring muscle tone and reducing abnormal relaxation. This finding suggests BDNF as a potential therapeutic target for age-related bowel control issues.

Keywords:
G protein-coupled receptors NANC relaxationRhoA/ROCKneurotrophic factorrectoanal incontinencesmooth muscle tone

More Related Videos

Urethral Stricture Induction Followed by Buccal Mucosa Graft Urethroplasty in a Rat Model
05:09

Urethral Stricture Induction Followed by Buccal Mucosa Graft Urethroplasty in a Rat Model

Published on: April 28, 2023

1.1K
Nerve-sparing Mid-urethral Obstruction NeMO in Female Small Rodents
07:42

Nerve-sparing Mid-urethral Obstruction NeMO in Female Small Rodents

Published on: April 25, 2017

9.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
07:41

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Published on: April 17, 2019

10.1K
Urethral Stricture Induction Followed by Buccal Mucosa Graft Urethroplasty in a Rat Model
05:09

Urethral Stricture Induction Followed by Buccal Mucosa Graft Urethroplasty in a Rat Model

Published on: April 28, 2023

1.1K
Nerve-sparing Mid-urethral Obstruction NeMO in Female Small Rodents
07:42

Nerve-sparing Mid-urethral Obstruction NeMO in Female Small Rodents

Published on: April 25, 2017

9.8K

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Neuroscience
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Aging commonly causes internal anal sphincter (IAS) dysfunction, leading to rectoanal incontinence.
  • This dysfunction involves reduced IAS tone and contractility, alongside increased non-adrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) relaxation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) can rescue aging-associated IAS dysfunction (AAID).
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying BDNF's potential therapeutic effects on IAS function.

Main Methods:

  • Studied BDNF effects on IAS smooth muscle tone and NANC relaxation in young and aging Fischer 344 rats.
  • Utilized tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) antagonist K252a to assess BDNF pathway involvement.
  • Examined isolated smooth muscle cells and monitored nitric oxide (NO) release.

Main Results:

  • BDNF successfully reversed AAID by restoring basal IAS tone and agonist-induced contractility.
  • BDNF also normalized NANC relaxation, which was linked to decreased NO release in aging rats.
  • The observed rescue effects were mediated via the TrkB receptor and involved RhoA/ROCK signaling.

Conclusions:

  • BDNF effectively rescues aging-associated internal anal sphincter dysfunction.
  • Therapeutic strategies targeting BDNF may be beneficial for treating age-related rectoanal motility disorders.
  • Understanding BDNF's role in RhoA/ROCK and inhibitory neurotransmission is key for developing new treatments.