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Haematuria in children.

Alice Mears¹, Josie Colemeadow¹, Navroop S Johal¹

¹Department of Paediatric Urology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK.

British Journal of Hospital Medicine (London, England : 2005)

|June 2, 2021

Summary

Pediatric hematuria, or blood in urine, is common and rarely signals cancer. Common causes include infections, glomerulonephritis, and hypercalciuria, guiding diagnosis and treatment.

Area of Science:

Pediatric Nephrology
Urology

Background:

Hematuria (blood in urine) is a frequent clinical finding in children.
Unlike in adults, malignant pathologies are an infrequent cause of hematuria in pediatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the diverse causes of hematuria in the pediatric population.
To differentiate between upper and lower urinary tract pathologies to guide investigations.

Main Methods:

This is a review article.
Discussion of differential diagnoses for pediatric hematuria.

Main Results:

The most common causes of pediatric hematuria include infections, glomerulonephritis, and hypercalciuria.
Distinguishing between nephrological/upper urinary tract and lower urinary tract sources is crucial.

Keywords:

Haematuria Paediatric

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Conclusions:

Hematuria in children has a broad differential diagnosis, with infection, glomerulonephritis, and hypercalciuria being most prevalent.
Understanding the origin of hematuria (upper vs. lower tract) is key for appropriate management in pediatric cases.