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The Epidemiology of COVID-19: A Review

Joseph A Balogun1,2

  • 1College of Health Sciences, Chicago State University, Chicago, USA, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Nigeria.

African Journal of Reproductive Health
|June 2, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This study examines the global epidemiology of COVID-19 in vulnerable populations. Vulnerable groups, including children, pregnant women, and ethnic minorities, face unique risks and disparities in COVID-19 outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Limited information exists on COVID-19 transmissibility, sequelae, clinical manifestations, and epidemiology.
  • Understanding the global epidemiology of COVID-19 among vulnerable populations is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the global epidemiology of COVID-19 focusing on vulnerable populations.
  • To identify risk factors and disparities in COVID-19 outcomes among specific groups.

Main Methods:

  • Commentary and analysis of global COVID-19 epidemiological data.
  • Focus on vulnerable populations including children, pregnant women, and ethnic minorities.

Main Results:

  • Most pediatric COVID-19 cases are not severe, but severe illness can occur.
  • Pregnancy with COVID-19 poses fatal risks for mothers but is less risky for infants.
  • Prisons, nursing homes, and long-term facilities are COVID-19 hotspots.
  • Ethnic minorities in the USA and UK experience disproportionately higher COVID-19 infection and death rates due to occupational and socioeconomic disparities.
  • Healthcare systems worldwide are re-evaluating ventilator allocation guidelines.

Conclusions:

  • Vulnerable populations, including children, pregnant women, and ethnic minorities, face distinct challenges and risks related to COVID-19.
  • Socioeconomic and structural disparities significantly influence COVID-19 outcomes in ethnic minority groups.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates a re-evaluation of public health strategies and resource allocation, particularly for vulnerable communities.

Keywords:
COVID-19Epidemiology

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