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    Area of Science:

    • Atomic Physics
    • Metrology
    • Spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Microcell atomic clocks are crucial for precise timekeeping.
    • Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) is a key technique for atomic clock operation.
    • Optimizing frequency stability in atomic clocks is an ongoing challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate Ramsey spectroscopy for microcell atomic clock development using CPT.
    • To optimize the clock's short-term frequency stability by studying Ramsey-CPT fringe properties.
    • To analyze the clock frequency's sensitivity to light-shift and laser power variations.

    Main Methods:

    • Application of Ramsey spectroscopy combined with coherent population trapping (CPT).
    • Systematic study of Ramsey-CPT fringe properties against experimental parameters.
    • Comparison of Ramsey-CPT interrogation with the continuous-wave (CW) regime.

    Main Results:

    • Reduced sensitivity to laser power variations by factors up to 14 and 40.3 with Ramsey-CPT.
    • Decreased dependence of clock frequency on microwave power compared to CW.
    • Improved clock Allan deviation for averaging times > 100 s, achieving 3.8 ×10-12 at 104 s.

    Conclusions:

    • Ramsey-CPT interrogation significantly enhances mid- and long-term stability of atomic clocks.
    • The technique offers a promising approach for developing advanced chip-scale atomic clocks (CSACs).
    • Ramsey-based protocols provide a viable alternative for high-stability atomic clock development.