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Textile Electromagnetic Brace for Knee Imaging.

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    A novel wearable textile brace acts as an electromagnetic imaging system for real-time, onsite knee injury detection. This innovative brace enables early diagnosis of ligament and tendon tears outside traditional hospital settings.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Electromagnetics
    • Wearable Technology

    Background:

    • Knee injuries require timely diagnosis, often hindered by hospital accessibility.
    • Existing imaging methods are typically confined to clinical settings.
    • There is a need for portable, real-time diagnostic tools for musculoskeletal injuries.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a wearable textile brace as a portable electromagnetic imaging system.
    • To enable real-time, onsite scanning for knee injuries.
    • To demonstrate the potential for early detection of ligament and tendon tears.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a 12-element textile slot loop antenna array using wool felt and conductive fabric.
    • Design of the antenna array for optimal electromagnetic wave penetration at the human knee.
    • Utilizing a modified double-stage delay, multiply, and sum (DS-DMAS) algorithm for signal processing.
    • Conducting numerical and experimental validation using realistic phantoms.

    Main Results:

    • The antenna array exhibits a wide bandwidth (81% at 0.7-1.7 GHz) and high front-to-back ratio (14 dB).
    • The system achieves safe Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) levels.
    • Reconstructed images successfully demonstrated the capability for detecting different types of ligament/tendon tears.

    Conclusions:

    • The wearable textile brace functions as a viable electromagnetic imaging system for knee injuries.
    • The system offers real-time, onsite diagnostic capabilities, breaking hospital boundaries.
    • This technology shows significant potential for improving the accessibility and timeliness of knee injury diagnosis.