Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

48.1K
Overview
48.1K
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

595
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
595
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

568
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
568
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

1.2K
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
1.2K
Conjugated Proteins02:50

Conjugated Proteins

22.2K
Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...
22.2K
Preclinical Development: Overview01:28

Preclinical Development: Overview

5.4K
Preclinical development consists of a series of tests that ensure the safety and efficacy of a new therapeutic compound before it is tested in humans. There are four main phases to this process. First, safety pharmacology tests are conducted to ensure the drug does not produce any acutely harmful effects. These tests examine parameters such as bronchoconstriction, cardiac dysrhythmias, blood pressure changes, and ataxia. Next, preliminary toxicological testing is performed to determine the...
5.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The future of periodontology: Emerging technologies and conceptual shifts.

Journal of periodontology·2026
Same author

2025 Year-End Metrics.

Journal of dental education·2026
Same author

Reviewer Thank You.

Journal of dental education·2026
Same author

Illuminating Knowledge: The Role of Universities in Advancing Health and Truth.

Journal of dental education·2025
Same author

GTR USING CALCIUM PHOSPHATE GRAFTS MAY ENHANCE CLINICAL ATTACHMENT GAIN IN INTRABONY DEFECTS COMPARED TO FLAP DEBRIDEMENT.

The journal of evidence-based dental practice·2025
Same author

Editor's Note.

Journal of dental education·2025
Same journal

Modern Pulpotomies for Pediatric Patients: Rationale, Diagnosis, and Technique Using a Novel Simplified Calcium Silicate.

Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995)·2026
Same journal

Oral Appliance Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: From Treatment Alternative to First-Line Care.

Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995)·2026
Same journal

Restorative Management of Constriction and Spacing Following Arch Expansion.

Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995)·2026
Same journal

Novel Technique for Creation of Guide Grooves When Preparing Teeth for Ceramic Veneers.

Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995)·2026
Same journal

Effective Yet Gentle: Preservation of Dental Restorations During Periodontal Debridement.

Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995)·2026
Same journal

Optimizing Dental Practice Performance Through Artificial Intelligence: Enhancing Patient Safety, Scheduling, Operations, Marketing, and Financial Management.

Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Author Spotlight: Studying Host-Virus Interactions with Pseudotyped Viruses
05:49

Author Spotlight: Studying Host-Virus Interactions with Pseudotyped Viruses

Published on: November 21, 2023

2.1K

Vaccines for COVID-19: An Overview.

Thomas F Lang1, Robert M Eber2, Michael S Reddy3

  • 1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.

Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995)
|June 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines utilized innovative platforms, with many candidates in trials or emergency use within a year. This review summarizes leading vaccine performance and discusses challenges like virus mutations and spread.

More Related Videos

A "Plug-And-Display" Nanoparticle Vaccine Platform Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Displaying SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain
08:07

A "Plug-And-Display" Nanoparticle Vaccine Platform Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Displaying SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain

Published on: July 25, 2022

2.8K
Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2
08:41

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2

Published on: November 5, 2021

3.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Author Spotlight: Studying Host-Virus Interactions with Pseudotyped Viruses
05:49

Author Spotlight: Studying Host-Virus Interactions with Pseudotyped Viruses

Published on: November 21, 2023

2.1K
A "Plug-And-Display" Nanoparticle Vaccine Platform Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Displaying SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain
08:07

A "Plug-And-Display" Nanoparticle Vaccine Platform Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Displaying SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain

Published on: July 25, 2022

2.8K
Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2
08:41

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2

Published on: November 5, 2021

3.0K

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated rapid scientific advancement.
  • Unprecedented speed in research for virus biology, immune response, testing, therapeutics, and vaccines.
  • Over 40 vaccine candidates emerged within a year of the global outbreak.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the characteristics and performance of leading COVID-19 vaccines.
  • To discuss the impact of virus mutations on vaccine efficacy.
  • To address the role of asymptomatic spread in pandemic control.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on COVID-19 vaccine development.
  • Analysis of data from Phase 3 trials and emergency use authorizations.
  • Examination of virological and epidemiological studies on SARS-CoV-2.

Main Results:

  • Multiple innovative vaccine platforms were employed.
  • 21 vaccine candidates were in Phase 3 trials or under emergency use.
  • Leading vaccines demonstrated varying efficacy and performance characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines represents a significant scientific achievement.
  • Virus mutations and asymptomatic spread pose challenges to global vaccine deployment.
  • Achieving herd immunity and restoring normality depend on continued research and equitable vaccine distribution.