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Epidemiology, prognosis and management of potassium disorders in Covid-19

Maryam Noori1, Seyed A Nejadghaderi2,3, Mark J M Sullman4,5

  • 1School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Reviews in Medical Virology
|June 2, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Potassium disorders like hypokalemia and hyperkalemia are common in COVID-19 patients, impacting cardiac outcomes and survival. Managing these electrolyte imbalances is crucial for improving prognosis in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), presents a global health crisis.
  • Electrolyte abnormalities, particularly potassium disorders, are frequently observed in COVID-19 patients.
  • Deviations in potassium levels are associated with increased risks of adverse outcomes and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology of potassium disorders in COVID-19 patients.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which hypokalemia and hyperkalemia affect cardiac outcomes and prognosis.
  • To highlight key management considerations for potassium imbalances in COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Pooled analysis of COVID-19 patient data.
  • Review of existing literature on electrolyte disturbances and cardiovascular complications.
  • Epidemiological assessment of hypokalemia and hyperkalemia prevalence.

Main Results:

  • Hypokalemia observed in 24.3% of COVID-19 patients.
  • Hyperkalemia observed in 4.15% of COVID-19 patients.
  • Potassium level deviations correlate with poorer prognosis and increased mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Potassium disorders are significant complications of COVID-19.
  • These imbalances can severely impact cardiac function and patient survival.
  • Effective management strategies for hypokalemia and hyperkalemia are essential for COVID-19 patient care.

Keywords:
Covid-19SARS-CoV-2hypokalemiareviewserum potassium

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