[Sleep apnea syndrome, pregnancy and fetal condition]

To assess fetal cardiac activity with simultaneous polysomnographic (PSG) study of pregnancy with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Forty-nine women, aged 18-30 years, 30-34 weeks pregnant, complaining of snoring, with a positive rating in 2 and/or 3 sections of the Berlin Sleep Questionnaire were included in the study. Sixteen pregnant women with the corresponding gestational age, without complaints of snoring, made up the control group. All participants underwent PSG monitoring and fetal cardiotocography (CTG) according to standard techniques.

PSG results demonstrate significant changes in sleep patterns in pregnant women with OSAS. There is a significant reduction in SWS 3, REM. High AHI, accompanied by desaturation and the appearance of activation EEG- patterns of cyclic alternations are characterized the sleep of pregnant women with OSAS. Analysis of CTG results shows that the average values of the basal rhythm are statistically higher in women with OSAS than in the control group. Also, the indicators of the amplitude of the oscillations, the frequency of oscillations and the number of movements in 30 minutes are statistically significantly different. Reaction of the fetus to episodes of apnea in the form of active perturbation, changes in heart rate as bradycardia (to 105-110 beats per minute) or tachycardia (to 155-160 beats per minute) compared to basal level (140 beats per minute) are noted.

OSAS during nocturnal sleep in pregnant women causes the changes in motor activity and cardiac activity of the fetus that indicates fetal hypoxemia.