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Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Assessment of Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors by an Interrogation of Signal Transduction Pathways by Antibody Arrays
Published on: September 19, 2018
Receptor tyrosine kinases and cancer: oncogenic mechanisms and therapeutic approaches
Punit Saraon1, Shivanthy Pathmanathan2,3, Jamie Snider2
1Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Abstract:
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are transmembrane receptors of great clinical interest due to their role in disease, notably cancer. Since their discovery, several mechanisms of RTK dysregulation have been identified, resulting in multiple cancer types displaying 'oncogenic addiction' to RTKs. As a result, RTKs have represented a major class for targeted therapeutics over the past two decades, with numerous small molecule-based tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapeutics having been developed and clinically approved for several cancers. However, many of the current RTK inhibitor treatments eventually result in the rapid development of acquired resistance and subsequent tumor relapse. Recent technological advances and tools are being generated for the identification of novel RTK small molecule therapeutics. These newer technologies will be important for the identification of diverse types of RTK inhibitors, targeting both the receptors themselves as well as key cellular factors that play important roles in the RTK signaling cascade.
Insights
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) drive cancer but treatments face resistance. New technologies aim to discover novel RTK inhibitors targeting both receptors and signaling pathways to overcome treatment challenges.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are crucial in cancer development and are key targets for cancer therapeutics.
- Despite the success of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), acquired resistance and tumor relapse remain significant clinical challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of RTKs in cancer and the development of TKIs.
- To highlight the challenge of acquired resistance to current RTK-targeted therapies.
- To discuss emerging technologies for identifying novel RTK inhibitors.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on RTKs, TKIs, and cancer resistance mechanisms.
- Analysis of recent technological advancements in drug discovery for RTK-targeted therapeutics.
Main Results:
- RTKs are implicated in various cancers, leading to the development of numerous TKIs.
- Acquired resistance to TKIs is a common cause of treatment failure and tumor relapse.
- New technologies are emerging for the discovery of diverse RTK inhibitors.
Conclusions:
- Targeting RTKs remains a critical strategy in cancer therapy.
- Overcoming acquired resistance requires the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
- Advancements in technology are paving the way for next-generation RTK inhibitors targeting RTKs and their signaling pathways.
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