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A Rare Case of Brain Abscesses Caused by Acremonium Species

Armeena Anis1, Fnu Sameeullah2, Jamil M Bhatti3,4

  • 1Medicine, Dr. Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi, PAK.

Cureus
|June 3, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Acremonium fungi rarely cause human infections, but can lead to brain abscesses. This case highlights a rare infection in an 18-year-old male, emphasizing the need for clinical awareness of Acremonium systemic disease.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Acremonium species are typically saprophytic fungi with low pathogenic potential in humans.
  • While generally causing superficial infections, invasive disease can occur, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.

Observation:

  • This report details the first known case of Acremonium-induced brain abscess in an 18-year-old male in Pakistan.
  • The patient presented with symptoms indicative of a serious central nervous system infection.

Findings:

  • Treatment with intravenous amphotericin B and oral voriconazole led to initial clinical improvement.
  • Recurrence of the fungal infection was noted three months after completing the antifungal therapy.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential for Acremonium species to cause severe systemic infections, including brain abscesses.
  • Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for Acremonium infections, even in immunocompetent individuals, and be aware of potential treatment challenges and recurrence.
  • Further research into the pathogenesis and optimal management of Acremonium infections is warranted.
Keywords:
acremoniumamphotericinbrain abscessfungal abscessrecurrencevoriconazole

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