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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

849
The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
849
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
613

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Non-contact, Label-free Monitoring of Cells and Extracellular Matrix using Raman Spectroscopy
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Leukocyte Activation Profile Assessed by Raman Spectroscopy Helps Diagnosing Infection and Sepsis.

Anuradha Ramoji1, Daniel Thomas-Rüddel1,2, Oleg Ryabchykov3,4

  • 1Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.

Critical Care Explorations
|June 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Raman spectroscopy of leukocytes accurately detects infection and sepsis. This label-free method enhances diagnostic accuracy beyond traditional biomarkers, revealing distinct immune phenotypes in sepsis patients.

Keywords:
Raman spectroscopybiomarkerimmune responseinfection and inflammationleukocytes activationsepsis diagnosis

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Spectroscopy
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Leukocyte activation states provide insights into immune responses and sepsis-related dysregulation.
  • Early and accurate differentiation of inflammation, infection, and sepsis is critical for patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To utilize Raman spectroscopic fingerprints of leukocytes for differentiating sterile inflammation, infection, and sepsis.
  • To assess the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of leukocyte phenotype characterization.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, observational phase-II study involving 61 hospitalized patients.
  • Raman spectroscopy was used to characterize individual peripheral blood leukocytes.
  • Established clinical scores, blood counts, and biomarkers served as reference diagnostics.

Main Results:

  • Raman spectroscopy distinguished infection from non-infection and sepsis from non-sepsis with high accuracy.
  • Adding Raman data to biomarkers increased infection detection accuracy by 10% (to 93%) and sepsis detection by 18% (to 92%).
  • Distinct Raman spectral features in sepsis patients indicated a unique immune phenotype.

Conclusions:

  • Raman spectroscopy offers a non-destructive, label-free method for analyzing leukocyte activation states.
  • This technique can differentiate between sterile inflammation, infection, and sepsis.
  • Raman spectroscopy demonstrates added value in diagnosing sepsis and infection.