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Anthropological studies in Assam, India. 6. Differentiation processes among Assamese populations
H Danker-Hopfe1, B M Das, H Walter
1Department of Anthropology, Gauhati University, Guwahati (Assam), India.
Summary
Anthropometric and genetic traits reveal distinct variations among Assamese populations. Mongoloid groups differ significantly from Hindu caste groups, with Muslims showing mixed affiliations.
Area of Science:
- Anthropology
- Population Genetics
- Human Biology
Background:
- Assam, India, hosts diverse ethnic groups with unique genetic and phenotypic profiles.
- Understanding population diversity is crucial for anthropological and genetic research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the distribution of anthropometric, anthroposcopic, dermatoglyphic, ABO blood group, and PTC taste sensitivity traits in Assamese populations.
- To analyze intergroup variability and genetic differentiation among Muslim, Mongoloid, and Hindu caste groups in Assam.
Main Methods:
- Investigated 13 Assamese populations: 2 Muslim, 5 Mongoloid, and 6 Hindu caste groups.
- Collected data on anthropometric, anthroposcopic, dermatoglyphic traits, ABO blood groups, and PTC taste sensitivity.
- Utilized distance analyses to substantiate observed trait distributions.
Main Results:
- Significant intergroup variability was observed across most traits, except for finger ridge patterns.
- Anthropometric, anthroposcopic, and dermatoglyphic traits clearly differentiated Mongoloid populations from Hindu caste groups.
- Muslim groups exhibited varied affiliations: Marias showed closer relation to Mongoloid groups, while Sheikhs resembled Hindu caste groups phenotypically.
Conclusions:
- Assamese populations display distinct patterns of anthropometric and genetic traits.
- Genetic markers and phenotypic traits support the differentiation between Mongoloid and Hindu caste groups.
- The study highlights the complex population structure and affinities within Assam.
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