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Thoraco-cervico-brachial confined spaces an anatomic study
1Département de Chirurgie, Hôpital Penna, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Annales De Chirurgie De La Main : Organe Officiel Des Societes De Chirurgie De La Main
|January 1, 1988
Summary
This study details the anatomical spaces where the brachial plexus and subclavian-axillary vessels can be compressed. It analyzes causes like cervical ribs and specific postures contributing to thoracic outlet syndrome.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Vascular Surgery
- Neurology
Background:
- The brachial plexus and subclavian-axillary vessels traverse critical narrow spaces.
- Understanding these anatomical pathways is crucial for diagnosing and treating neurovascular compression syndromes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the anatomical spaces involved in brachial plexus and subclavian-axillary vessel compression.
- To analyze factors contributing to compression, including anatomical variations and external forces.
Main Methods:
- Descriptive anatomical review of the spaces from the cervical spine to the pectoralis major.
- Analysis of compression mechanisms, including static and dynamic factors.
- Consideration of anatomical variations like cervical ribs and shoulder girdle migration.
Main Results:
- Detailed description of key anatomical spaces: "Pleural suspensory Apparatus", interscalene (vascular and neural), costo-clavicular, clavi-pectoral, retro-pectoralis minor, pre-humeral head, median nerve roots compass, and pre-scalene.
- Identification of compression causes: cervical ribs, static/dynamic compressions, downward shoulder migration, muscle variations, and forced postures (downward pull, abduction + retraction, hyperabduction).
Conclusions:
- Anatomical spaces and variations significantly influence the potential for brachial plexus and vascular compression.
- Understanding these anatomical relationships is essential for diagnosing thoracic outlet syndrome and related conditions.