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Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
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Characteristics of Dry Friction01:21

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Dry friction occurs when two solid surfaces slide against each other without any lubrication or fluid present. It causes resistance when pushing objects along a surface, like a gardener pushing a wheelbarrow. The force applied to move the cart causes dry friction between the wheel and the ground.
Before the wheelbarrow starts moving, the static frictional force acts tangentially to the contact surface, opposing the force that is about to induce the motion. This frictional force prevents the...
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Frictional Forces on Flat Belts01:28

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Flat belts are commonly used in various industrial applications for transmitting power from one pulley to another. When a flat belt is wrapped around a set of pulleys, it experiences different tensions at the driving pulley ends due to the friction between the belt and pulley surface. When the pulley moves in a counterclockwise direction, the tension T2 on the opposite side of the pulley where the belt is moving away from is higher than the tension T1 on the side where the belt is moving...
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Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

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As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
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Dry Friction01:30

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Dry friction occurs between two solid surfaces in contact as they attempt to move relative to one another. In daily life, dry friction is encountered in various forms, such as when walking on the ground, sliding an object across a table, or rubbing hands together. Despite its ubiquity, the underlying mechanisms behind dry friction are not readily visible.
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Elastic Collisions: Case Study01:15

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Elastic collision of a system demands conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy. To solve problems involving one-dimensional elastic collisions between two objects, the equations for conservation of momentum and conservation of internal kinetic energy can be used. For the two objects, the sum of momentum before the collision equals the total momentum after the collision. An elastic collision conserves internal kinetic energy, and so the sum of kinetic energies before the collision equals...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

A Method for Studying the Temperature Dependence of Dynamic Fracture and Fragmentation
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Knowledge extraction and transfer in data-driven fracture mechanics.

Xing Liu1, Christos E Athanasiou2, Nitin P Padture1

  • 1School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|June 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a data-driven framework for knowledge extraction and transfer in fracture mechanics, addressing data scarcity. It demonstrates accurate knowledge extraction and transfer even with limited data, paving the way for future advancements.

Keywords:
fracture mechanicsfracture toughnessmachine learningtransfer learning

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Area of Science:

  • Fracture Mechanics
  • Data-Driven Science
  • Computational Materials Science

Background:

  • Data scarcity hinders knowledge extraction and transfer in fracture mechanics.
  • Current data-driven methods are limited in addressing these challenges.
  • Effective knowledge extraction and transfer are crucial for advancing the field.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a data-driven framework for knowledge extraction in fracture mechanics.
  • To address the challenge of data scarcity in knowledge extraction.
  • To explore the potential of knowledge transfer among different fracture problems.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a data-driven framework for knowledge extraction with accuracy assessment metrics.
  • Applied a tailored active learning method for knowledge extraction in a data-limited regime.
  • Demonstrated knowledge transfer by connecting 3D and 2D fracture mechanics problems.

Main Results:

  • Accurate knowledge extraction was achieved even with limited data using active learning.
  • The framework successfully enabled knowledge transfer between distinct fracture mechanics problems.
  • The proposed methods proved effective for a small-scale toughness measurement problem.

Conclusions:

  • The data-driven framework offers a viable solution for knowledge extraction and transfer in fracture mechanics.
  • Active learning is effective in overcoming data scarcity for knowledge extraction.
  • Knowledge transfer holds significant potential for transformative impact in the field.