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Related Concept Videos

Pulse Oximetry01:24

Pulse Oximetry

990
Pulse oximetry, or SpO2, is a non-invasive method for continuously monitoring arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). This procedure involves attaching a probe or sensor to the patient's fingertip, forehead, earlobe, or nose bridge. The sensor works by detecting changes in oxygen saturation levels through light signals generated by the oximeter and reflected by the pulsing blood under the probe.
Purpose
Average SpO2 values are greater than 95%. If the readings fall below 90%, it indicates that...
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Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation01:19

Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation

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Assessing respiratory rate concurrently with pulse measurement is fundamental to patient care, providing valuable insights into the patient's respiratory function. The normal breathing rate for an adult usually falls within a normal range of 12 to 20 breaths per minute. Abnormal respiratory rates can signal underlying health conditions or the need for immediate intervention.
Ensuring accuracy in vital sign recordings while prioritizing patient comfort and minimizing anxiety is...
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Fetal Circulation01:14

Fetal Circulation

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Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Non-invasive Optical Measurement of Cerebral Metabolism and Hemodynamics in Infants
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Non-invasive Optical Measurement of Cerebral Metabolism and Hemodynamics in Infants

Published on: March 14, 2013

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Optode Design Space Exploration for Clinically-robust Non-invasive Fetal Oximetry.

Daniel D Fong1, Vivek J Srinivasan1, Kourosh Vali1

  • 1University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616.

ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems : TECS
|June 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Non-invasive fetal oximetry (TFO) uses light to assess fetal well-being during labor. This study optimizes TFO probe design to ensure reliable performance across diverse maternal anatomies, improving fetal monitoring.

Keywords:
Applied computing → Life and medical sciencesComputer systems organization → Embedded and cyber-physical systemsDependable and fault-tolerant systems and networksInternet of medical thingsNon-invasive fetal oximetrydesign optimizationdesign space explorationmedical cyber-physical systemsmulti-objective optimization

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Simultaneous Data Collection of fMRI and fNIRS Measurements Using a Whole-Head Optode Array and Short-Distance Channels
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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Physics
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • Non-invasive transabdominal fetal oximetry (TFO) offers an objective measure of fetal well-being during labor.
  • TFO technology involves transmitting light through maternal tissues to assess fetal oxygenation.
  • Variations in maternal anatomy significantly impact fetal depth, complicating TFO system design and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a methodology for optimizing optical probe (optode) design for transabdominal fetal oximetry.
  • To address the challenge of varying fetal depths due to anatomical differences among pregnant women.
  • To balance competing design objectives of hardware complexity and performance robustness across diverse patient populations.

Main Methods:

  • Framing optode design as a multi-objective optimization problem, considering cost and robustness.
  • Employing a model-based approach to characterize Pareto-optimal points in the design space.
  • Utilizing simulation and in vivo measurements on pregnant sheep for experimental validation.

Main Results:

  • A methodology was presented for systematic optode design space exploration.
  • The approach effectively characterized trade-offs between hardware complexity and performance robustness.
  • Simulations and in vivo experiments validated the proposed methodology's efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • The developed methodology enables optimized optode design for TFO systems.
  • This optimization enhances the robustness and reliability of fetal well-being monitoring.
  • The approach holds potential for improving delivery outcomes through better fetal assessment during labor.