Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.5K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.5K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.2K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.2K
Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

2.9K
Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
2.9K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.9K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.9K
Polymers02:34

Polymers

39.0K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
39.0K
Polymers02:34

Polymers

22.8K
22.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Self-Assembly of Oxidatively Doped Conjugated Bottlebrush Polymers into Donor-Acceptor Nanostructures.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Towards a Sustainable Future: Challenges and Opportunities for Early-Career Chemists.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2024
Same author

Dopant-Stabilized Assembly of Poly(3-hexylthiophene).

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2022
Same author

Synthesis of Macrocyclic Poly(3-hexylthiophene) and Poly(3-heptylselenophene) by Alkyne Homocoupling.

ACS macro letters·2022
Same author

Surface Patterning of Uniform 2D Platelet Block Comicelles via Coronal Chain Collapse.

ACS macro letters·2022
Same author

Polyacetylene Revisited: A Computational Study of the Molecular Engineering of N-type Polyacetylene.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Using Polystyrene-block-polyacrylic acid-coated Metal Nanoparticles as Monomers for Their Homo- and Co-polymerization
09:02

Using Polystyrene-block-polyacrylic acid-coated Metal Nanoparticles as Monomers for Their Homo- and Co-polymerization

Published on: July 9, 2015

12.5K

Programmable Assembly of π-Conjugated Polymers.

Garion E J Hicks1, Sheng Li1, Nimrat K Obhi1

  • 1Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|June 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Controlling the order of pi-conjugated polymers through covalent, solution, and solid-state programming is crucial for advancing organic electronics. This approach enables precise tuning of polymer structure and function.

Keywords:
organic electronicspolymer semiconductorsself-assemblyπ-conjugated polymers

More Related Videos

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

8.0K
Combinatorial Synthesis of and High-throughput Protein Release from Polymer Film and Nanoparticle Libraries
10:58

Combinatorial Synthesis of and High-throughput Protein Release from Polymer Film and Nanoparticle Libraries

Published on: September 6, 2012

10.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Using Polystyrene-block-polyacrylic acid-coated Metal Nanoparticles as Monomers for Their Homo- and Co-polymerization
09:02

Using Polystyrene-block-polyacrylic acid-coated Metal Nanoparticles as Monomers for Their Homo- and Co-polymerization

Published on: July 9, 2015

12.5K
Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

8.0K
Combinatorial Synthesis of and High-throughput Protein Release from Polymer Film and Nanoparticle Libraries
10:58

Combinatorial Synthesis of and High-throughput Protein Release from Polymer Film and Nanoparticle Libraries

Published on: September 6, 2012

10.6K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Electronics

Background:

  • Pi-conjugated polymers possess unique optoelectronic and mechanical properties.
  • These properties are highly dependent on polymer ordering, including crystallinity, orientation, morphology, and pi-pi interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe pi-conjugated programming at each stage of material development.
  • To highlight the links between different programming modes and their impact on polymer assembly.
  • To guide the control of pi-conjugated polymer assembly for enhanced organic electronics.

Main Methods:

  • Covalent programming during polymer synthesis to control architecture and assembly.
  • Solution programming in solvated states to influence dissolution, aggregation, and crystallization.
  • Solid-state programming through crystallization, domain segregation, or gelation.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of how covalent programming directs polymer orientation, pi-pi interactions, and morphology.
  • Explanation of how solution and solid-state programming influence polymer assembly and ordering.
  • Examination of recent progress in programming across all stages.

Conclusions:

  • Pi-conjugated programming offers a systematic approach to control polymer ordering, structure, and function.
  • Understanding these programming strategies is essential for the advancement of organic electronics.
  • This work serves as a guide for directing pi-conjugated polymer assembly.