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Related Concept Videos

Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

70.0K
Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
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Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
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Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

296
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling
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Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling

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Interaction between non-coding RNAs and Toll-like receptors.

Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard1, Atefe Abak2, Hamed Shoorei3

  • 1Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie
|June 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This review explores how microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) interact with Toll-like receptors (TLRs), crucial for innate immunity and disease development.

Keywords:
LncRNAMiRNANon-coding RNATLRToll-like receptor

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors central to innate immunity.
  • TLR signaling involves MyD88-dependent and TRIF-dependent pathways.
  • Dysregulated TLRs are implicated in cancer and autoimmune diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the interactions between non-coding RNAs (microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs) and Toll-like receptors.
  • To highlight the role of these interactions in disease pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on non-coding RNA-TLR interactions.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways involving TLRs and non-coding RNAs.

Main Results:

  • Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, directly and indirectly interact with TLRs.
  • These interactions modulate TLR signaling pathways.
  • Aberrant non-coding RNA-TLR crosstalk contributes to various diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Non-coding RNA-TLR interactions are critical regulators of immune responses.
  • Understanding these interactions offers potential therapeutic targets for immune-related disorders and cancer.