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Monitoring Conformational Dynamics of Single Unmodified Proteins using Plasmonic Nanotweezers
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Label-free tapered optical fiber plasmonic biosensor.

Thakshila Liyanage1, Meimei Lai1, Gymama Slaughter1

  • 1Old Dominion University, Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Bioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Norfolk, VA, 23508, USA.

Analytica Chimica Acta
|June 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel tapered optical fiber (TOF) plasmonic biosensor for ultrasensitive microRNA detection. The sensor achieves high sensitivity and selectivity, enabling early disease diagnosis through biomarker quantification.

Keywords:
BiosensorEvanescent fieldSurface plasmon resonanceTapered optical fibersmicroRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial biomarkers for various diseases.
  • Accurate and sensitive detection of miRNAs is essential for early diagnosis and prognosis.
  • Existing biosensing platforms often face limitations in sensitivity, selectivity, or scalability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel label-free ultrasensitive tapered optical fiber (TOF) plasmonic biosensor for detecting a panel of microRNAs.
  • To enhance sensor performance by integrating different metallic nanoparticles and optimizing probe immobilization.
  • To demonstrate the sensor's applicability in complex biological matrices like human serum.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a TOF plasmonic biosensor functionalized with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, AuNRs, AuTNPs).
  • Optimization of nanoparticle selection, with AuTNPs exhibiting superior refractive index sensitivity.
  • Self-assembly of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probes on the AuTNPs TOF surface for enhanced miRNA capture via hydrogen bonding.

Main Results:

  • The AuTNPs-functionalized TOF biosensor achieved a limit of detection (LOD) between 103 aM and 261 aM for a panel of microRNAs.
  • The immobilized ssDNA layer extended the dynamic range to 1 fM - 100 nM.
  • Clinically relevant concentrations of miRNAs in human serum were detected with an LOD between 1.097 fM to 1.220 fM.

Conclusions:

  • The developed TOF plasmonic biosensor offers a highly sensitive and selective platform for microRNA detection.
  • This approach demonstrates significant potential for high-throughput, scalable microRNA quantification in clinical diagnostics.
  • The study highlights the successful application of this novel biosensor for detecting multiple microRNAs in human serum, paving the way for advanced biomarker analysis.