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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Adult Stem Cells01:33

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy01:21

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy

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Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

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A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
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Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

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After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Preparation and Culture of Myogenic Precursor Cells/Primary Myoblasts from Skeletal Muscle of Adult and Aged Humans
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Human muscle stem cells are refractory to aging.

James S Novak1,2,3, Davi A G Mázala1,4, Marie Nearing1,5

  • 1Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.

Aging Cell
|June 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Muscle regeneration capacity does not decline with age. Satellite cells retain their myogenic potential even in aged and postmortem muscle, indicating the muscle microenvironment, not cell function, drives age-related muscle loss.

Keywords:
aginghuman satellite cellsmuscle regenerationmyogenic capacitysarcopenia

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Author Spotlight: Investigating Cellular and Molecular Dynamics During Muscle Regeneration Using Cutting-Edge Single-Cell Technologies
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Area of Science:

  • Muscle biology
  • Regenerative medicine
  • Aging research

Background:

  • Age-related loss of muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia) is a significant health concern.
  • This decline is often attributed to impaired function of muscle stem cells (satellite cells).
  • Previous assumptions about muscle damage and repair exhaustion in aging have not been fully tested.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether intrinsic myogenic capacity of satellite cells declines with age.
  • To determine if the aged muscle microenvironment negatively impacts satellite cell function.
  • To assess satellite cell function in postmortem muscle samples.

Main Methods:

  • Human muscle xenografting into immunodeficient mice.
  • Utilized muscle samples from cadavers across a range of ages.
  • Transplanted muscle samples 11 days postmortem to assess viability and regeneration.

Main Results:

  • No measurable difference in muscle regeneration was observed across a range of ages up to 78 years.
  • Satellite cells maintained their myogenic capacity even in muscle grafted 11 days postmortem.
  • The intrinsic ability of satellite cells to regenerate muscle tissue remains intact with age.

Conclusions:

  • Age-related muscle mass loss is not due to an intrinsic decline in satellite cell myogenicity.
  • The aging muscle microenvironment likely becomes detrimental to satellite cell function.
  • Strategies to rejuvenate the muscle microenvironment may be key to combating sarcopenia.