Application of the Southwell Plot method to determine equilibrium time in phosphate adsorption
Maíra Luane S de Almeida1, Adriano C P Lima1, Koji de J Nagahama1
1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Av. Nordestina, s/n, Novo Horizonte, 44036-900 Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil.
Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
|June 5, 2021
Summary
The Southwell Plot method efficiently determines phosphate adsorption equilibrium time using sewage sludge and clam shell adsorbents. This method optimizes batch adsorption processes, achieving a capacity of 49.45 mg/g.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Materials Science
- Chemical Engineering
Background:
- Adsorption processes are crucial for water remediation.
- Determining equilibrium time is vital but time-consuming.
- Novel adsorbents from waste materials offer sustainable solutions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the Southwell Plot for determining adsorption equilibrium time.
- To optimize phosphate removal using adsorbents from sewage sludge and clam shell residue.
- To assess the adsorption capacity of the developed material.
Main Methods:
- Sewage sludge and clam shell residue were processed and sintered.
- Material characterization included TG/DTG, EDX, XRD, and FTIR.
- Kinetic studies varied initial phosphate concentration and adsorbent mass, analyzed with the Southwell Plot and Langmuir equation.
Main Results:
- The Southwell Plot effectively determined equilibrium time, showing minor fluctuations with adsorbent mass.
- Optimal conditions (0.30 g adsorbent, 30 mL solution) yielded a 4-hour equilibrium time.
- Maximum phosphate adsorption capacity reached 49.45 mg/g, fitting the Langmuir model.
Conclusions:
- The Southwell Plot is a valuable tool for optimizing adsorption equilibrium time determination.
- Domestic sewage sludge and clam shell residue can be transformed into effective phosphate adsorbents.
- This approach contributes to sustainable waste management and water treatment.
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