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Environmental arsenic exposure and its toxicological effect on thyroid function: a systematic review.
Adeleh Esform1, Tahereh Farkhondeh2, Saeed Samarghandian3
1Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran.
Arsenic (As) exposure is linked to thyroid dysfunction, affecting thyroid hormone levels. This review highlights the association between arsenic levels and changes in triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and thyrotropic hormone.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Endocrinology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Arsenic (As) is a prevalent environmental pollutant.
- As is recognized as an endocrine-disrupting chemical.
- Experimental studies suggest As impacts thyroid function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review epidemiological evidence on Arsenic (As) effects on thyroid function.
- To focus on serum thyroid hormone concentrations in relation to As exposure.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of epidemiological studies.
- Analysis of evidence linking arsenic exposure to thyroid hormone levels.
Main Results:
- Evidence indicates an association between As exposure and thyroid dysfunction.
- Increased serum and urine arsenic levels correlate with decreased triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).
- Elevated thyrotropic hormone (TSH) levels are associated with higher arsenic concentrations.
Conclusions:
- This systematic review confirms a link between arsenic exposure and thyroid dysfunction.
- Human data on As effects on thyroid function remain limited.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the impact of As on human thyroid health.
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