One dimensional magneto-optical nanocomplex from silver nanoclusters and magnetite nanorods containing ordered...

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Immunology

Background:

• Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint protein that promotes tumor cell immune evasion.
• Accurate detection of PD-L1 is crucial for cancer diagnosis and guiding immunotherapy.
• Existing detection methods may lack the sensitivity or specificity required for clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a facile and highly specific surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor for detecting PD-L1 in human plasma.
• To enhance detection sensitivity and specificity using novel magneto-optical nanocomplexes.
• To validate the biosensor's performance with clinical samples for potential point-of-care applications.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of magneto-optical nanocomplexes (MNOM@AgNCs) utilizing magnetite nanorods with ordered mesocages and silver nanoclusters.
• Immobilization of PD-L1 antibody on a gold chip and PD-L1 aptamer on the MNOM@AgNCs for dual selective recognition.
• Detection of PD-L1 in human plasma using the developed SPR biosensor.

Main Results:

• The MNOM@AgNCs exhibited superior magneto-optical properties and a high signal-to-noise ratio.
• The SPR sensor demonstrated a linear detection range for PD-L1 from 10 ng/mL to 300 ng/mL.
• A low detection limit of 3.29 ng/mL was achieved, with successful validation using clinical plasma samples.

Conclusions:

• The developed SPR biosensor offers a sensitive and specific method for PD-L1 detection in human plasma.
• This immunosensing platform represents a new strategy for point-of-care detection of PD-L1.
• The sensor holds potential for clinical companion diagnosis in PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy.