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Aging and the perception of texture-defined form.

J Farley Norman1, Hannah K Shapiro2, Karli N Sanders2

  • 1Department of Psychological Sciences, Ogden College of Science and Engineering, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky, USA; Center for Applied Science in Health & Aging, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky, USA.

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Older adults show impaired ability in discriminating global shapes defined by texture differences. They require significantly larger texture variations than younger adults to perceive object shapes accurately.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Cognitive aging
  • Texture discrimination

Background:

  • Global shape perception relies on integrating local features.
  • Texture-defined shapes are crucial for object recognition in natural environments.
  • Age-related changes in visual processing can impact shape discrimination abilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related differences in discriminating texture-defined global shapes.
  • To quantify the impact of aging on the perception of shape from texture.
  • To determine the extent to which older adults' texture discrimination is impaired compared to younger adults.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 3-point micropattern textures to define global shapes (rectangles).
  • Manipulated task difficulty by varying the deviation from colinearity between figure and background texture elements.
  • Compared discrimination performance (d-prime values) between younger and older observer groups.

Main Results:

  • Older observers required 54.4% larger deviations from colinearity to achieve reliable shape discrimination compared to younger observers.
  • A substantial age effect was observed, indicating significant impairment in older adults.
  • Performance improved with larger differences in texture deviation for both age groups.

Conclusions:

  • Older adults can perceive global shapes from texture, but this ability is significantly impaired.
  • Age-related deficits in visual processing affect the integration of local texture elements for global shape perception.
  • Future research should explore compensatory strategies or interventions to mitigate age-related declines in texture-defined shape discrimination.