Genetic variations influence brain changes in patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Santosh K Yadav1, Ajaz A Bhat1, Sheema Hashem1
1Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
Translational Psychiatry
|June 6, 2021
Summary
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) involves brain differences and genetic factors impacting development and behavior. Imaging genetics research links brain changes to genetic susceptibility, aiding biomarker and treatment development.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Genetics
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with persistent symptoms into adulthood.
- Its etiology is multifactorial, involving genetics, neurodevelopmental issues, environmental toxins, and brain injuries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the neurobiology of ADHD, focusing on structural and functional brain changes.
- To explore the interaction between genomic variations and brain phenotypes using imaging genetics.
- To highlight genetic variants associated with ADHD and their impact on brain circuitry and behavior.
Main Methods:
- Review of neuroimaging and molecular genomics studies.
- Analysis of imaging genetics methodologies to link brain imaging phenotypes with genetic susceptibility.
- Examination of complementary approaches including animal models, computational biology, and multimodal studies.
Main Results:
- Multiple genetic studies show strong associations between genetic variations and neuropsychobiological functions in ADHD.
- Neuroimaging genomic studies reveal significant links between brain imaging phenotypes and genetic susceptibility.
- Integration of neuroimaging and genomics deciphers neurobiological pathways relevant to ADHD.
Conclusions:
- Imaging genetics is crucial for understanding ADHD's complex neurobiology and genetic underpinnings.
- This approach can identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ADHD.
- Integrating multimodal data is essential for a comprehensive understanding of ADHD's biological pathways.
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