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Artificial Intelligence-Based Chatbot for Anxiety and Depression in University Students: Pilot Randomized Controlled

Maria Carolina Klos¹, Milagros Escoredo², Angela Joerin²

¹Interdisciplinary Center for Research in Health and Behavioral Sciences (CIICSAC), Universidad Adventista del Plata (UAP)., National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET)., Libertador San Martín, Entre Ríos, Argentina.

JMIR Formative Research

|June 7, 2021

Summary

This study explored using the Tess chatbot for mental health support in Argentinian university students. While not reducing overall depression or anxiety, the chatbot significantly decreased anxiety symptoms in users, showing promise for digital mental health interventions.

Keywords:

anxiety artificial intelligence chatbots college students conversational agents depression mental health

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Area of Science:

Digital Mental Health
Artificial Intelligence in Psychology
Clinical Psychology

Background:

Emerging use of AI chatbots for psychological interventions.
Lack of studies on AI chatbots for mental health in Latin America.
Need to explore digital tools for student mental well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

Evaluate the viability and acceptability of the Tess chatbot.
Assess the potential impact of Tess on depression and anxiety symptoms.
Examine chatbot use among Argentinian university students.

Main Methods:

Pilot randomized controlled trial comparing Tess chatbot to a psychoeducation book.
Intervention duration of 8 weeks.
Analysis of depression and anxiety symptoms using Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon, and t-tests.

Main Results:

181 Argentinian university students participated; 39% in the Tess group completed.
Higher message exchange with Tess correlated with positive user feedback.
No significant group differences in depression or anxiety from baseline to week 8.
Significant reduction in anxiety symptoms within the Tess group.

Conclusions:

Tess chatbot demonstrated usability and acceptability in an Argentinian student population.
Significant decrease in anxiety symptoms observed in users interacting with Tess.
Further research is needed to advance chatbot applications in mental health.