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Cancer Therapies

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

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Updated: Nov 3, 2025

The Clinical Application of Tumor Treating Fields Therapy in Glioblastoma

The Clinical Application of Tumor Treating Fields Therapy in Glioblastoma

Published on: April 16, 2019

[Chemotherapy for Glioma].

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine.

No Shinkei Geka. Neurological Surgery

|June 7, 2021

Summary

Chemotherapy for malignant gliomas faces challenges due to the blood-brain barrier. Local therapies like carmustine wafers show promise but need improved drug delivery for better glioma treatment efficacy.

Area of Science:

Neuro-oncology
Cancer Chemotherapy
Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

Malignant gliomas are difficult to treat with systemic chemotherapy due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB).
Current standard treatments like temozolomide have limited efficacy.
Existing local therapies, such as carmustine wafers, face challenges with drug penetration and tumor resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current challenges and advancements in chemotherapy for malignant gliomas.
To discuss temozolomide chemotherapy issues, including hepatitis B virus reactivation, MGMT promoter methylation, and pseudo-progression.
To explore local chemotherapy strategies and novel drug delivery methods for improved glioma treatment.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on glioma chemotherapy.

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Last Updated: Nov 3, 2025

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Discussion of clinical trials, including a randomized phase 3 trial for carmustine wafers (JCOG 1703).

Examination of recent progress in convection-enhanced delivery (CED) for glioma treatment.

Main Results:

Systemic chemotherapy is hindered by the BBB, leading to unsatisfactory outcomes.
Local chemotherapy offers higher drug concentrations but faces limitations in drug penetration.
Ongoing research focuses on improving drug delivery and overcoming chemoresistance in gliomas.

Conclusions:

Effective chemotherapy for malignant gliomas requires overcoming the BBB and enhancing drug penetration.
Novel strategies, including improved local delivery and convection-enhanced delivery, are crucial for advancing glioma treatment.
Further development in drug delivery systems holds potential for improved therapeutic efficacy against gliomas.