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Immunization against Pseudomonas aeruginosa using Alg-PLGA nano-vaccine
Saeid Azimi1, Leila Safari Zanjani2
1Parseh Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Insights
This study developed an alginate-PLGA nanoparticle vaccine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa pulmonary infections. The nano-vaccine significantly reduced bacterial load and enhanced immune response in mice.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology in vaccinology
- Bacterial antigen conjugation
- Immunological studies
Background:
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes pulmonary infections in hospitalized patients.
- Alginate, a P. aeruginosa surface antigen, is a promising vaccine target due to its conserved structure.
- Developing effective vaccines against P. aeruginosa is crucial for public health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conjugate Pseudomonas aeruginosa alginate with PLGA nanoparticles.
- To characterize the physicochemical properties of the alginate-PLGA nano-vaccine.
- To evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the nano-vaccine in a mouse model.
Main Methods:
- Alginate isolation from P. aeruginosa and conjugation with PLGA using EDAC/NHS chemistry.
- Characterization of the nano-vaccine using FTIR Spectroscopy, Zetasizer, and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).
- Immunogenicity assessment in BALB/c mice, including opsonophagocytosis assays, IgG detection, bacterial challenge, and cytokine analysis via ELISA.
Main Results:
- Successful conjugation of alginate with PLGA nanoparticles confirmed by FTIR, Zetasizer, and AFM.
- The alginate-PLGA nano-vaccine effectively induced humoral immunity, as shown by ELISA.
- Significantly reduced bacterial titers in the spleen of immunized mice post-challenge with P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain compared to control groups.
Conclusions:
- The alginate-PLGA nano-vaccine demonstrates significant potential in reducing bacterial burden in vivo.
- The nano-vaccine significantly enhanced opsonic activity, crucial for bacterial clearance.
- This study supports the development of alginate-based nano-vaccines against P. aeruginosa infections.
Objectives:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the bacterium that causes of pulmonary infection among chronically hospitalized patients. Alginate is a common surface antigen of P. aeruginosa with a constant structure that which makes it an appropriate target for vaccines. In this study, P. aeruginosa alginate was conjugated with to PLGA nanoparticles, and its immunogenicity was characterized as a vaccine.
Materials And Methods:
Alginate was isolated from a mucoid strain of P. aeruginosa and conjugated with to PLGA with˝ N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride ˝= ˝EDAC˝ and N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). Chemical characterization of prepared nano-vaccine was performed using FTIR Spectroscopy, Zetasizer, and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The immunogenicity of this nano-vaccine was evaluated through intramuscular injection into BALB/c mice. Four groups of mice were subjected to the injection of alginate-PLGA, and two weeks after the last administration step, opsonophagocytosis assay, IgG detection, challenge, and cytokine determination via ELISA were carried out.
Results:
Alginate-PLGA conjugation was corroborated by FTIR, Zetasizer, and AFM. The ELISA consequence showed that alginate was prospering in the instigation of the humoral immunity.The immunogenicity enhanced against the alginate-PLGA. Remarkably diminished bacterial titer in the spleen of the immunized mice posterior to challenge with PAO1 strain in comparison with the alginate alone and control groups.
Conclusion:
The bacterial burden in the spleen significantly decreased after the challenge (P<0.05). The opsonic activity was significantly increased in the alginate- PLGA group (P<0.05).
